Wrench



June 16, 1925. 1,542,336

A. E. GARLBERG WRENCH Filed Jan. 23. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 V J Q1535 5y i ZQAL, ML)

June 16, 1925. 7 1,542,33

A. E. CARLBERG WRENCH Filed Jan. 25, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 16, 1925.

UNITED; STATES PATENT OFFICE.

, AUGUST EDWIN CARLBERG, or woncnsrsn, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TQ WALDEN-WORCESTER, INCORPORATED, or WORCESTER, MASSA- onusn'rrs, acoR-roRATmN OFYMASSACHVUSETTS. s I

WRENCH.

hers being Wu singatar "dfigsdnto' wii'ch "the, ent-over portions of To all whom it may concern:

Be it'known that I, Arroosr EDWIN CARL,- BERG, a citizen of the United States, residing in Worcester, county of Vorcester, and State of Massachusetts, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in VVrenches,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wrenches and is particularly concerned with wrenches of the type inwhich asoCket or like operating member is pivotally associated with the shank. 7

The object of the invention is to provide a wrench of the above character which will be strong and durable in construction and extremely cheap to manufacture.

A good understanding of the invention may be had from the'following description of several specific forms of embodiment thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view illustratingone form of wrench embodying the invention;

Figure 2 'isa section 'of'Figure 1 on lines II"II', drawn on'a larger. scale;

Figures 3 and 4 areviews illustrating the wrenchv in use, Figurevi-l beinga plan and Figure 4 an elei ational view Figures 5, 6 and 7 are views showing modifications of Figure 1; j

Figure 8 is a view showinga modified form of shank construction; and.

Figures 9 and; 10 are views showing mod-v ified forms of sockets;

Similar characters of reference designate similar parts in each of the several views.

The wrench illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a shank H formed of a steel rod or heavy wire, the endsof which are bent at right angles to form pivots for doubleended socket members and B, these memthe rod H extend. The socket members are thus free to turn about axes at right angles to that of the handle. Shoulders 2 are provided on the shank for preventing sliding movement-of the socket members, and the ends of the rods are upset, as indicated at 3, to hold the said sockets on the rod. The

i Application filed January 23, 1922. Serial No. 531,010.

socket members proper may have any deslred form of construction. In the illustratedtype each socket member is doubleended, being provided with recesses 1, 5 U

and 6, 7, respectively, these recesses being preferably of different sizes and shapes so that a single wrench will accommodate as many as four difierent sizes of nuts or bolts,

By virtue of the pivotal mounting of the sockets on the shank, the wrench may be used with facility in places where ordinary wrenches may be employed only with difficulty, if at all. In Figures 3 and 4 the socket 7 is illustrated as cooperating with a nut 10, the handle H being turned into a position at right angles to the socket member B in which position it affords maximum leverage. The socket member A thus serves as a hand-piece.

For the purpose of illustrating the manner of using the wrench in peculiar circumstances frequently met in practice,'the dotted line 11 of Figure 3is assumed to indicate a fixed part of the machine or other device to which the nut 10 is being applied, this part being assumed to extend so far above thenut as to prevent the handle from being turned through a complete horizontal circle. In such case the wrench is applied to the nut as indicated in Figure 3, and the handle is turned in the direction of the arrow past the position shown in dot-and-dash lines at 80 until further movement of the shank is prevented by the wall 11. The shank is thereupon turned through a verticalsemi-circle and thus brought back to the initial position, the only difference being thatthe handle is reversed, i. e., atthe right of sockets A and B in Figure 3, instead of at the left. The wrench is then turned through another horizontal semi-circle and again returned to the initial position by through a vertical semi-circle, VVhen thus manipulated, the wrench is substantially equivalent to a ratchet wrench in that similar operating results maybe secured. The present wrench is superior to the ordinary ratchet wrench, however, because of its far cheaper construction and greater rigidity, having a minimum of movable parts.

Another manner of using the wrench is illustrated in Figure 1, in which the one socket member B is turned parallel to the shank, so that one of the sockets, namely 7, may be used to cooperate with a nut or bolt. at right angles to the shank so that it may be used as a handle. The wrench thus serves for like purposes as the well-known T- handle type of wrench and permits of convenient access to nuts or bolts located in deeply recessed or other obstructed parts of machinery. I

It will be observed thatbecause of the symmetrical construct-ion, any one of the four sockets of the wrench may be utilized in the same manner as any one of the re maining three. A wide variety of condit-ions may thus be met by this single wrench.

In Figures 5 and 6 are illustrated modifications of the previously described form, these modifications consisting in bending the shank to substantially S shape in order to secure the additional advantage of having the shank placed symmetrically to the sockets while retaining the sockets in alignment with each other. In Figure 5 this is accomplished by oblique bends 12, and in Figure 6, by right-angled bends 13.

In Figure 7 is illustrated a modification in which the shank H is provided with only a single double-ended socket A, right-angled bends let being provided in the shank to bring about alignment of: the socket member and the shank. The upper end of the shank is provided with a fixed head through which extends a cross arm 16 "for serving as a handle. It will be observed that this form of constructionis the equiva lent of two ordinary T-liandle wrenches, and has the additional advantage of being capable of use in a manner equivalent to that of a ratchet wrench, substantially as hereinbefore described.

Figure 8 illustrates a form of construction in which alignment of the shank and socket member is secured by forming the shank of a pair of flat steel bars 17 and 18 which are united inany suitable manner atthe intermediate portion of the shank and spread part at the end to form the fork F. The socket member A is rotatably mounted in this fork by means of a pin 20 which extends through the socket member into the bars 17 and 18.

Figure 9- illustrates a modified form of socket consisting of a socket member 0 prot 9 for receiving the shanl H. Still another modification of socket is illustrated in Figure 1,0, which shows a tubular member 24 which is open clear through and the walls oi which are sufiiciently thin. as to permit of the punching'of the openings for receiving the wire shank. The operation of drill- The other socket member A is turned.

ing the holes is thus dispensed with so that a still greater saving in cost of production is obtained.

Although I have herein shown and described only a few forms of embodiment of my invention, it will be readily understood that many changes and modifications may be made therein within the scope of the following claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, it being my intention to claim the same broadly in whatever form its principles may be employed.

\Vhat I claim is:

1. In combination,a socket, a shank, the entire shank; forming a straight line, an integral projection extending at an angle from said straight shank, said socket being pivoted on said projection and being free to turn in a plane parallel to the axisof said shank.

2. In combination, a double-ended socket, a shank, the entire shank being straight, said shank having an integral projection extending at right angles therefrom, said double-ended socket being provided with a transverse opening at the midpoint thereof for receiving said projection and being pivotally mounted to turn in a plane parallel to. said shank.

A wrench comprising a shank the entire shank being straight, a projection extending at right angles near each end of said straight shank, a socket member pivotally associated with each projection, each socket being free to turn about an axis at right angles to said shankand to turn in a plane parallel thereto.

l, A wrench comprising a. shank the entire shank being straight except for each end of said shank being bent at right angles, a socket member having a transverse opening for loosely receiving said right angled portionv of the shank, each extremity of said bent portions being riveted over to retain the socket member thereon.

5. A wrench comprising a shank substantially straight throughout itsentire length, a projection extending at right angles lirom said shank, a socket pivoted on said projection and adapted to turn in a plane parallel with said shank, and means to retainsaid socket on said projection.

6. A wrench comprising a shank the entire shank being straight, projections extending at right angles to the shank at each end. thereof, a'socket'member pivoted e 1 fliermi et en i an ta. reta-i1 ..sa socket members on said projections.

7. A wrench comprising a shank, the entireshank being straight, an integral projection extending at right angles from each end of said straight shank, a double-ended socket member having ahole through substantially the midpoint thereof transverse to the axis of the nut-engaging portions pivoted on the projection at each end of said shank, and means to retain said sockets on said projections.

8. A Wrench of the type described, comprising a shank, projections extending at right angles fronieaoh end of said shank, and a double-ended Wrench socket having a hole through the midpoint thereof trans verse to the axis of the nut-engaging portions, pivoted on said projections and being free to turn on the same.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature to this specification. 1

AUGUST EDWIN GARLBERG. 

